The intraoperative ICG fluorescence imaging is used to identify the hepatic segmental boundaries in anatomical laparoscopic hepatectomy. By either injecting ICG into the segmental portal branch(es) (positive stain) or into its peripheral vein while the portal branch(es) is/are ligated (negative stain), a clear borderline for hepatic transection can be visualized. This method provides more accuracy and convenience compared with the conventional ischemia line or blue dye assessment.