With the increasing popularity of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC), the incidence of intraoperative hepatic duct injury and common bile duct injury keeps rising and the consequences of both complications are very dangerous whenever occurs. Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), known as one of the most commonly performed procedure, involves several disadvantages such as the increased operative time, exposure of the patient and medical staff to radiation and even worse, the cystic duct cannulation may be difficult and could, in of itself, cause BDI. NIR fluorescence cholangiography has proven to be a clear, fast and non-invasive method for real-time intraoperative biliary tract mapping with minimal incidence of bile duct injury.